Yiya kumxholo 
Iibhetri ze-solid-state ziphinde zaba ngundoqo kwicandelo leebhetri zamandla.
MegSolid (Hong Kong) Limited Ivelise iziphumo ezichukumisayo kwicandelo leebhetri ze-solid-state.
Ibhetri ye-all-solid-state ekhutshwe yiMegSolid (Hong Kong) Limited ifikelele kuxinano lwamandla olungaphezulu kwe-400Wh/kg. Iphumelele iimvavanyo zokhuseleko olugqithisileyo, eziquka ukuqhoboshelwa ngenaili kunye neemvavanyo ze-oveni yobushushu obuphezulu, ingakhuphi msi okanye umlilo kuyo yonke inkqubo. Zonke iinkomba zokusebenza zivula indlela yokuveliswa kwayo ngobuninzi.
Ingcali yezobuchwepheshe uMnu. Guo waseMegSolid (Hong Kong) Limited uthe iingxaki ezisisiseko zenzululwazi kushishino lweebhetri eziqinileyo zisonjululwe kakhulu, ngelixa kusekho imiqobo ethile yobunjineli. Inkampani iza kuqhubeka nokuzingela ukugqwesa kwaye isoloko ibeka ukhuseleko lwabathengi phambili ngaphezu kwayo yonke enye into.
Oku kugxininisa ingxaki esisiseko ejongene neshishini leebhetri ze-solid-state langoku: ishishini alisaxoxi ngokuba ibhetri ye-solid-state ziyenzeka. Endaweni yoko, ugxininiso lutshintshele ekubeni zingaveliswa ngokuzinzileyo nangendleko efanelekileyo na, nokuba zibonelela ngokhuseleko oluthembekileyo ngexesha lokusebenza na.
Ukusombulula iingxaki zoqhagamshelwano lwangaphakathi kwiibhetri ze-solid-state
Owona mqobo mkhulu wokuqala phambi kwemveliso enkulu yebhetri eziyi-all-solid-state, asikokutshintsha ii-electrolyte ezingamanzi ngeezingqindilili, kodwa kukwenza kubekho unxibelelwano oluzinzileyo lwexesha elide phakathi kwezinto ezingqindilili ngaphakathi kwebhetri emva kokutshintshwa.
Iibhetri zemveli zolwelo lwe-lithium-ion zine-electrolyte elulwelo. Njengamanzi, ingena kwiimbobo ezincinci zezinto zekathodi neanodi ize izalise izikhewu ezininzi ezincinci kakhulu.
Iibhetri ze-all-solid-state zisebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo. I-cathode, i-anode kunye ne-electrolyte zonke ziqinile, zenza uqhagamshelwano oluqinileyo phakathi kwezinto eziqinileyo.
Ngethuba lomjikelo ngamnye wokutshaja nokukhupha umbane, izinto zebhetri ziyandeka kwaye zisongeke kancinci. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kunokuvela izikhewu ezincinci kakhulu kwiindawo ebezidityaniswe ngokuqala.
Nangona zingabonakali ngamehlo, ezi zikhewu ziphazamisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwebhetri: uhambo lwee-ayoni luyacotha, inkcaso yangaphakathi iyanyuka, kwaye umthamo kunye nobomi benkonzo yebhetri ziye ziyehla ngokufanelekileyo.
Oku kuchaza isizathu sokuba uninzi lweebhetri ze-solid-state ezikumgangatho we-lab zifune uxinzelelo oluvela ngaphandle. Ngamafutshane, kusetyenziswa amandla angaphandle ukugcina izinto zangaphakathi zibambene ngokuqinileyo nokuthintela ukwahlukana.
Ngoko ke, umceli-mngeni wokwenene kweli shishini ngoku kukufezekisa unxibelelwano oluthembekileyo lwamacandelo ngendlela ezinzileyo, ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kuxinzelelo olugqithisileyo oluvela ngaphandle.
Izifundo ezitsha zemfundo ephakamileyo zangoku ziyijongene kanye le ngxaki.
Ukuphuculwa kwe-Interface kunye neNtsha yee-Electrolyte kuShishiniso
Okokuqala, uMlawuli uLiu waseMegSolid (Hong Kong) Limited ucebise ngendawo yokudibanisa eguquguqukayo. Nangona eli gama livakala liyobuchwepheshe, libhekisa kumaleko ozinqumla phakathi kwee-electrode kunye ne-electrolyte.
Endaweni yefilimu ekhuselayo nje esincanyathiselweyo, eli nqanaba lokukhusela liyakhiwa xa ii-ions ezithile zikhuthelekelayo ngokuthe ngcembe ukuya kwindawo yokudibana ngexesha lokusebenza kwebhetri. Oku kwenza ukuba kubekho ulwaleko oluthambileyo oluqinisekisa ukuncamathela okugqwesileyo.
Ngokwentshukumo yayo, isebenza njengomqamelo phakathi kwezinto ezimbini eziqinileyo. Xa i-anode yentsimbi yelithiyam iyanda kwaye inciphe ngexesha lokutshaja nokukhupha i-bhetri, lo mqamelo uyaguquka ngokufanelekileyo kwaye unciphisa umngcipheko wokwahlukana kweendawo ezidibeneyo.
Iziphumo zovavanyo zingqina ukuba olu yilo lwenza iiseli ze-lithium metal ezipheleleyo zigcine umthamo ophezulu emva kokuphindaphindwa kokusetyenziswa ixesha elide. Iiseli ze-pouch nazo zigqibile ukuqinisekiswa kokuphindaphindwa kokusetyenziswa phantsi koxinzelelo lwangaphandle olungekhoyo. Oku yimpumelelo enkulu: ibhetri ayisafuni kucinezelwa ngokuqhubekayo ngaphandle ukuze isebenze, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko lokusebenza.
Ngaphandle kokunamathela okuthembekileyo kwindawo edibanayo, ii-electrolytes eziqinileyo zijongene nomnye umceli mngeni obalulekileyo: ukuveliswa okunokwandiswa okuhambelana nemigangatho yezinto zeebhetri eziqhelekileyo.
Ii-electrolytes ezininzi eziqinileyo ezingeyonyithi zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu, kodwa ngokubanzi ziqinile kwaye zaphuka lula. Nangona iisampulu zaselebhu zisenziwa lula, ukuveliswa kwazo ngobuninzi kudibana nezithintelo ezininzi. Kunzima ukuzibhityeza nokuzisongela, kwaye azikwazi ukwenza uqhagamshelwano olupheleleyo neenkozo ze-electrode ngokufanelekileyo.
I-electrolyte yeglasi ye-inorganic ye-viscoelastic i-VIGLAS, ephuhliswe yiNgcali yobuGcisa uMnu. Guo waseMegSolid (Hong Kong) Limited, isombulula le ngxaki.
Ngamafutshane, le nto igcina uzinzo oluyilwayo lwee-electrolytes ezingeyonyangesiso ngelixa isenza ibe nokuguquguquka. Ayisayifana neglasi ebuthathaka, kodwa yifilimu enokuguqulwa nokulungelelaniswa. Olu phawu lwenza kube lula ukudityaniswa ngokuqinileyo kwii-electrodes, kwaye luyenza ilungele iinkqubo zokuvelisa ezingapheliyo zemizi-mveliso ezifana nokusonga nokwenziwa kwefilimu.
Ukuveliswa kwe-Anode Interface: I-SEI eguquguqukayo yokuphucula uzinzo lokuphindaphinda
Okokugqibela, imiba kwicala le-anode nayo ibaluleke kakhulu kwiibhetri ze-solid-state.
Kwiibhetri zentsimbi yelithium ze-solid-state, intsimbi yelithium ifakwa kwaye ikhutshwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngexesha lokutshaja nokukhupha umbane. Ukuyibeka lula, ilithium iyaqhubeka ikhula kwaye irhoxe kumphezulu we-anode. Ukuba le nkqubo ayizinzi, inokubangela ukuqhekeka kwendawo edibanayo, kwaye ibe neengxaki ezifana nee-lithium dendrites, ezibeka esichengeni ukhuseleko lobhetri nobomi bayo benkonzo.
UMlawuli uLiu waseMegSolid (Hong Kong) Limited uphuhlise i-ductile SEI ukujongana nalo mceli-mngeni.
I-SEI ibhekisa kwifilimu ekhuselayo eyakheka kumphezulu we-anode. Iifilimu ze-SEI eziqhelekileyo neziqinileyo zikholisa ukuqhekeka xa isixhobo sisetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ifilimu eyomeleleyo ephuhliswe yiMegSolid iyakwazi ukwandeka nokuncipha kunye notshintsho lwevolyum yentsimbi yelithiyam, ikwazi ukumelana nomonakalo ngokufanelekileyo.
Isenza njengomaleko okhuselayo oqinileyo kwi-anode. Endaweni yexolo eliqhekeka lula xa lixinzelelwe, le filimu igobekayo iyakwazi ukumelana notshintsho oluqhubekayo lwesakhiwo kwaye iphucula kakhulu uzinzo lokuphindaphinda kokusebenza kwebhetri.
Iimeko eziphambili zobunjineli zokuveliswa ngobuninzi kweebhetri ze-solid-state
Ngaphambili, ishishini beligxile ikakhulu kwindalo yokusebenza yee-electrolytes eziqinileyo, njengokuhambisa kwee-ayoni.
Namhlanje, kugxininiswa kakhulu ekudityanisweni okusebenzisekayo kwiiseli zebhetri nakuzinzo lokusebenza ixesha elide.
Ngamafutshane, phambi kwemveliso ngobuninzi, iibhetri ze-solid-state kufuneka zoyise kungekuphela imida yokusebenza kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, kodwa kwakhona nemingeni emithathu esebenzisekayo.
- Ukugcina ukunamathela okuqinileyo phakathi kwee-electrode nee-electrolyte
- Ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kuxinzelelo lwangaphandle
- Ukulungiselela izixhobo kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa eziqhubekayo
Kubavelisi beebhetri, la maziko abona ukuba iibhetri ze-solid-state zinokuthi na zidlule kumaphepha ophando nezilingo zokuqala, ziye kwimveliso ezinzileyo eninzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo kubomi bemihla ngemihla.
Iibhetri zeSolid-State: Imingeni ekuveliseni ngokuzinzileyo kumalayini oshishino
Nangona sele isonjululwe ingxaki yokungabambeleli kakuhle kwezinto ezahlukeneyo, iibhetri ze-solid-state zisajongene nomnye umceli mngeni omkhulu. Ukuphuhlisa iisampulu ezizimeleyo elebhu kulula kakhulu, kodwa ukuvelisa iibhetri ezininzi ngomgangatho ongaguqukiyo kumalini emveliso kungumceli mngeni omkhulu kakhulu.
Kubavelisi beebhetri, ukuveliswa ngobuninzi akuxhomekekanga kwintsebenzo yeseli enye, kodwa kuxhomekeke ekufaneni kweeseli ezingamawaka. Intsebenzo ezinzileyo, izinga eliphezulu lemveliso kunye neendleko ezinokulawulwa, zonke ezi zinto zibalulekile. Kungenjalo, idatha echukumisayo yelebhu yodwa ayinakuguqulelwa kusetyenziso lwezithuthi zokwenene.
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, iibhetri ze-all-solid-state azinayo i-electrolyte elulwelo yokuzalisa izikhewu. I-cathode, i-anode kunye ne-electrolyte eqinileyo zixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo ekudibeni ngokuqinileyo ukuze zisebenze. Oku kudala ingxaki yokuvelisa: iiseli kufuneka zicinezelwe ngokwaneleyo ngaphandle kokonakala.
Ukucinezela okungonelanga kuya kushiya izikhewu phakathi kwezinto zokwakha kwaye kuyakunciphisa ubomi benkqubo yebhetri. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukucinezela kakhulu kunokwenzakalisa ifilimu yokupakisha, iincam ze-electrode kunye nezakhiwo zangaphakathi, nto leyo ekhokelela kwizinga eliphantsi lemveliso.
IMegSolid (Hong Kong) Limited ifake ileyile yeceramic kwiphepha le-anode elingaphandle kakhulu leebhetri ze-all-solid-state. Ngenxa yokuqina nokuzinza okuphezulu kwezinto zeceramic, iiseli zithwala amandla ngokulinganayo ngexesha lokucudiswa kwe-isostatic. Oku kunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo umngcipheko wokugqabhuka nokukrazuka kwelaphu lokupakisha langaphandle ngexesha leenkqubo zokucudisa ezilandelayo.
Nangona kubonakala kuyinto encinci, ijongene nomba ongundoqo kwimveliso enkulu yebhetri ze-solid-state. Ukucinezelwa akuthethi kusetyenziswa amandla aphezulu; endaweni yoko, kufuna uxinzelelo olulinganayo nolulawulekayo olugcina ukupakishwa kunye nee-electrode zingonakali.
Ngaphandle kokuphucula iindlela zokucinezela, abavelisi bakwasebenzela ukulungisa enye inkxalabo: iziphene ezinokubakho kwicala le-anode emva kokusetyenziswa kwebhetri ixesha elide.
Izisombululo zoKhuselo oluPhindwe kabini kwi-Anode Interface zokucinezela iiDendrites nokuPhucula ukuHambisa kwee-Ion
Indawo edibanisa i-anode ne-electrolyte eqinileyo yenye yezona ndawo zisesichengeni kakhulu kwiibhetri ze-solid-state. Lo mmandla kufuneka uqinisekise ukuhamba kakuhle kwee-lithium ion, unciphise iireactions ezisecaleni, kwaye uthintele ukungena kwisakhiwo okubangelwa zii-lithium dendrites. Ulawulo olubuthathaka ngale ndlela luya kunciphisa ubomi benkonzo yebhetri kwaye lude lubangele iingozi ezinokubakho zokhuseleko.
IMegSolid (Hong Kong) Limited isandula ukutyhila izisombululo ezibini ezitsha zeebhetri ze-solid-state. Esokuqala kukufaka ulwaleko olusebenzayo kumphezulu we-anode. Lisebenza njengomgcini-mlinganiselo nomgcini ongaphakathi, olu lwaleko lwenza lula ukudlula kwee-lithium ion, luqinisa amandla omda ophakathi kwezinto, kwaye lunciphisa ukuqhekeka kunye neempendulo ezingecaleni.
Umaleko osebenzayo uqulathe i-polymer electrolyte kunye nesixa esincinci sezinto ezisekelwe kwi-graphene. Isabelo sobunzima sezinto ezisekelwe kwi-graphene silawulwa phakathi kwe-0.3% ne-2%, kunye nomyinge wobukhulu beflake oqala kwi-30 μm ukuya kwi-220 μm. Olu yilo luphucula ngokufanelekileyo uzinzo lwe-cycling lweebhetri ze-solid-state.
Undoqo wolu yilo asikokwamkela i-graphene nje kuphela, kodwa kukusombulula ingxaki esebenzisekayo: umaleko osebenzayo kufuneka ugcine ukuqina okulingeneyo.
Umaleko othambileyo kakhulu awukwazi ukumelana nokuqhekeka nokukhula kwe-dendrite, ngelixa oqine kakhulu uya kuthintela uhambo lwee-ion ze-lithium.
Kolu sisisombululo, i-polymer electrolyte ithwele uxanduva lokuhambisa ii-ion ze-lithium, kwaye isixa esincinci sezinto ezisekelwe kwi-graphene siphucula ukuqina kwesakhiwo. Ngamafutshane, umaleko we-buffer uqinisekisa ukuhamba kwee-ion ngaphandle kwemiqobo ngelixa ugcina amandla amakhulu okomelela ngokomatshini.
Indlela yesibini isebenzisa izinto ezisekelwe kwi-graphene enamaqhakuva njengomaleko osebenzayo. Ukuqhakabhaka kweceba elinye le-graphene enamaqhakuva kumiselwe ukuba phakathi kwe-3% ne-9%, kunye nomyinge wobungakanani beqhakuva obuphakathi kwe-0.2 nm ne-15 nm. Xa i-SOC yebhetri ingagqithi kwi-10%, umthamo wobunzima wezinto ezisekelwe kwi-graphene enamaqhophololo kwilayini esebenzayo ugcinwa phakathi kwe-91% ne-100%, ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kokuphindaphinda kweebhetri ze-solid-state.
Le nkqubo ingajongwa njengomnatha okhuselayo onamaqhophololo, onamathele kwi-anode.
Le mesh inamandla aphezulu oomatshini ukunciphisa iingozi zokungenelela kwe-dendrite nomonakalo wemaleko. Kwangaxeshanye, isakhiwo sayo esinemingxuma siqinisekisa uhambo olugudileyo lwee-lithium ion ngaphandle kokuthintela imijelo ye-ion.
Ngaphandle kolawulo loxinzelelo nokhuseleko lwendawo yokudibana, olunye ucelomngeni olusebenzisekayo kukufezekisa imveliso yobuninzi engabizi mali ininzi.
I-Electrolyte Eziqinileyo Eguquguqukayo Nengabizi Kakhulu Yokwenziwa Kwezinto Ngokomlinganiselo Omkhulu
Ii-electrolytes ze-sulfide zithathwa ngamashishini amaninzi njengendlela engundoqo yophuhliso lweebhetri ze-all-solid-state, ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okugqwesileyo ekuthuthweni kwee-ayoni. Nangona kunjalo, zineentsilelo eziphawulekayo: iindleko eziphezulu zezinto zokwakha, iimfuno eziqinileyo kwiimeko zokuvelisa, kunye nokuba lula ukuchaphazeleka kulawulo lwenkqubo. Ngokwembono yoshishino, ukusebenza kakuhle yinto enye, ngelixa ukufumana imveliso exabiso eliphantsi, ezinzileyo, nekwinqanaba eliphezulu yinto eyahlukileyo.
Iziko lophando leMegSolid (Hong Kong) Limited licebise esinye isisombululo: ukuphuhlisa i-electrolyte eqinileyo ye-lithium-zirconium-aluminum-chlorine-oxygen enexabiso eliphantsi, nengaguquguqukayo. Eli nto ligcina unxibelelwano olulungileyo lwe-interface phantsi koxinzelelo lwe-5 MPa, kwaye liyahambelana neenkqubo ezomileyo kunye nemveliso ye-roll-to-roll.
Iindleko zezinto ezisisiseko zokuqala zeli electrolyte zingaphantsi kwe-5% kunezo ze-electrolytes eziqinileyo ze-sulfide eziqhelekileyo.
Iimfuno Ezintathu Ezisisiseko Zokuveliswa Okuninzi Kweebhetri Ezilukhuni
Ukubaluleka kolu phando kukwiyilo lwezinto ezisetyenziswayo ezijolise kwimveliso, kunokuba kube kukusukela nje kwintsebenzo yaselebhu. Izinto eziphuhlisweyo azikwazi nje ukukhokela ii-ions ze-lithium ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa zikwanayo nokulungeleka okulungileyo ekwenziweni nge-mashini, ukuxinanyiswa okulula, iindleko eziphantsi kunye nokuhambelana okukhulu nemigca yemveliso eqhubekayo.
Ngamanye amazwi, ukuveliswa ngobuninzi kweebhetri ze-solid-state akunakuxhomekeka kwinkqubela egqwesileyo yesalathisi esinye. Endaweni yoko, kufuneka kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ezintathu eziphambili ngaxeshanye.
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, iibhetri ze-all-solid-state azinayo i-electrolyte elulwelo yokuzalisa izikhewu. I-cathode, i-anode kunye ne-electrolyte eqinileyo zixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo ekudibeni ngokuqinileyo ukuze zisebenze. Oku kudala ingxaki yokuvelisa: iiseli kufuneka zicinezelwe ngokwaneleyo ngaphandle kokonakala.
Okokuqala, ingaphakathi leeseli zebhetri kufuneka licinezelwe ngokuqinileyo ukuthintela uqhagamshelwano olubi phakathi kwezinto. Okwesibini, ukupakishwa kunye nezakhiwo zamacala kufuneka zikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo lwenkqubo ngaphandle monakalo. Okwesithathu, izinto kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa kufuneka zingabizi kakhulu, zizinzile kwaye zifaneleke ukuveliswa okuqhubekayo.
Kuphela xa zonke iimfuno ezingentla zifezekisiwe, iibhetri ze-solid-state zinokuphucuka ukusuka kwiisampulu zaselebhu zibe zizicubu eziveliswa ngobuninzi ngokuthembekileyo.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo
Q1.Zeziphi iimpumelelo eziphambili ekusebenzeni ezifunyenwe yibhetri ye-solid-state yakwa-MegSolid?
Ibhetri ye-all-solid-state yakwa-MegSolid ifikelela kwidensi yamandla engaphezulu kwe-400Wh/kg kwaye iphumelela iimvavanyo zokungena kwesikhonkwane ezigqithisileyo kunye neemvavanyo zokhuseleko kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngaphandle komsi okanye umlilo. Iziqinisekiso zayo ezibanzi zokusebenza nokhuseleko zixhasa kakhulu imveliso ngobuninzi yezorhwebo kunye neyemigangatho yeenqwelo-mafutha.
Q2.IMegSolid iyisombulula njani ingxaki yongqamaniso lwamacandelo kwiibhetri ezilukhuni?
IMegSolid isebenzisa ujongano oluguquguqukayo kunye netekhnoloji yokukhusela ye-SEI eguquguqukayo ukusombulula umngcipheko wokwahlukana komda phakathi kwezinto eziqinileyo kunye ne-dendrite. Oku kwenza ukuba kubekho ukujikeleza okuzinzileyo okungenatyalo-xinzelelo langaphandle, kwaye kuphucula kakhulu ukuthembeka kokujikeleza kwixesha elide kweebhetri ze-lithium metal solid-state.
Q3.Zeziphi iingenelo zoshishino zeeteknoloji ze-electrolyte zeMegSolid?
I-electrolyte ye-viscoelastic ye-VIGLAS yakwa-MegSolid iyakwazi ukusetyenziswa kwimveliso yoshishino eqhubekayo, ngelixa i-electrolyte yayo entsha ye-Li-Zr-Al-Cl-O ixabisa ngaphantsi kwe-5% yee-electrolytes zesulfide eziqhelekileyo. Ibalansi ngokugqibeleleyo iindleko eziphantsi, ukuguquguquka kunye nokungangeni kwimveliso ngobuninzi.
Q4. Kutheni isisombululo seMegSolid silungele ngakumbi ukuveliswa ngobuninzi kwimigangatho emikhulu?
IMegSolid igxile ekuphuculeni ubunjineli obujolise kwimveliso, hayi ekusebenzeni kwelebhu kuphela. Isombulula iingxaki ezintathu eziphambili kumashishini ezize: uzinzo lwe-interface, ulawulo loxinzelelo kunye nokukwazi ukuziqhelanisa nenkqubo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba iibhetri ze-solid-state zikwazi ukusuka kwisampulu zase-laboratory ziye kwimveliso yorhwebo enezinga eliphezulu nexabiso eliphantsi ngokuzinzileyo.
